Flat Rolling Fundamentals
Jun 30 2000 This volume compiles information from physics metallurgy and mechanical and electrical engineering to epitomize the fundamental characteristics of flat rolling steel Flat Rolling Fundamentals is drawn from in depth analyses of metal properties and behaviors to technologies in application The book provides a full characterization of steel including structure chemical composition
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Each pair of rolls is counter rotating For improved size reduction one of the rolls rotates faster This results in a differential in speed between the roll pair Typical differentials range from 1.2 1 to 2.0 1 fast to slow Typical roll speeds would be 1 300 feet per minute 395 m/min for a 9 inch 23 cm roll to 3 140 feet per minute
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Torque moment of force or moment is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis fulcrum or pivot In Mathematical torque is defined as the cross product of the lever arm distance and force which tends to produce rotation Simple speaking torque is a measure of the turning force on an object such as a flywheel or a bolt.
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Sierra Nevada Corporation small satellite assembly line supporting Orbcomm’s OG2 constellation Orbital Sciences Corporation’s small satellite assembly line supporting Orbcomm’s original OG1 constellation with 600 Series Flotron rotation fixtures Off the shelf Flotron Model XD759 supporting.
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Feb 12 2010 There are applications where torque measurement is vital IE A steel mill or any mill that uses tension reels They can also measure tension using a three roll bridle and if they know the roll diameters and the wrap angle using load cells they can calculate it
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Torque is the expression of a rotational or twisting force The engines in vehicles rotate about an axis thus creating torque It can be viewed as the strength of a vehicle Torque is what rockets a sports car from 0 60 in seconds Torque is also what powers big trucks hauling heavy loads into motion.
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May 25 2020 To calculate wind load using the generic formula use F = A P Cd where F is the force or wind load A is the projected area of the object P is the wind pressure and Cd is the drag coefficient First find A the area of the 2 dimensional face the
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V Belt Quick Selection Guide
load ≤ 200 rated load Phase Series Wound and Continuous Service starting or peak load ≥ 200 of rated load 16 24 hours per day For Idlers add the following to the service factors Inside Slack Side 0.0 Outside Slack Side 0.1 Inside Tight Side 0.1 Outside Tight Side 0.2
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Bolt Stress to Bolt Torque Conversion Tables
Load on Machine Bolts and Cold Rolled Steel Stud Bolts Under Torque Stress Nominal Number Diameter Area 7 500 psi 15 000 psi 30 000 psi Diameter of Threads of Root at Root Clamping Clamping Clamping of Bolt Per Inch of Thread of Thread Torque Force Torque Force Torque Force
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Vibration Control Mounting and Levelling of ROLL GRINDERS
ROLL GRINDERS Roll Grinders Roll Grinding Machines or Roll Grinders are high precision machines typically installed in steel aluminium and paper mills and precision machine shops to grind smooth and textured rolls to very tight tolerances Squaregrip’s high load capacity minimal deflection and
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Rolling processes
5.3 roll force torque and power requirements The rolls apply pressure on the flat strip in order to reduce its thickness resulting in a roll force F as shown in Fig 5 4.
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May 27 2008 So this value must be converted into load torque at the motor output shaft So motor torque = T/i x efficiency After i decided the required speed i found that i=35 and efficiency 0.65 as you advised me So motor torque = 523.26/35x0.65=23Nm Taking a safety factor of 2 this torque
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Understanding Journal Bearings
Understanding Journal Bearings Malcolm E Leader P.E Applied Machinery Dynamics Co Durango Colorado ABSTRACT This paper covers the basic aspects of journal bearings including lubrication design and application.
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SELF LOCK is an ideal screw connection for high stress situations with a unique preload locking internal thread form that s exceptionally resistant to transverse vibration the primary cause of thread loosening In cases where there is a standard external thread in an EMUGE SELF LOCK internal thread the internal thread yields a self locking screw connection that can
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The Hot Rolling Process
The primary function of the Hot Strip Mill is to reheat semi finished steel slabs of steel nearly to their melting point then roll them thinner and longer through 12 successive rolling mill stands driven by motors totaling 77 000 hp and finally coiling up the lengthened
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Sep 03 2021 Load and Crimp Ferrule with Hand Held Tool Sept 3 2021 Products Self Locking Ring Delivers Safety Security Sept 3 2021 Products Digital Controller with Fast Focus and Freeze
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Universal joint shafts from Voith transmit torque from a driving machine to a driven machine and can accommodate a high degree of misalignment Reliability and efficiency are our top priorities Shaft support systems spindle support/spindle balance roll end sleeve support/huggers etc
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Grinding Mill Gear Failure Made in China Grinding Mill Gear Assembly Mineral Processing Amp We will begin with the mills bull gear assembly and work towards the motor The BULL GEAR sometimes called the RING GEAR is designed to turn the mill transforming the energy of the motor into motion for the mill By mill we refer to Ball Mills Rod Mills and SAG Mills Anything gear and pinion
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Apr 13 2009 NTN Corporation hereafter NTN has developed ‘An ultra low torque back up roll unit’ for tension levelers of sheet rolling mill equipment thereby reducing torque by 40 compared with NTN conventional product Tension levelers prevent plastic elongation distortion of the steel sheet formed when bending and tensile forces are present.
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Applications of tension and nip load profile measurement
INTELLIGENT ROLL Nip load measurement An intelligent roll can be used as a reel drum for online nip force profile measurements The nip profile measured at a reel has a direct correlation with the diameter and hardness pro files of the paper roll The reeling nip load profile clearly shows the peaks and valleys caused by variations in the caliper
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Roller Drive Chain Selection and Engineering Information
232 renoldjeffrey advancing chain technology 29 Roller Drive Chain Selection Technical Information Step 5 Select the Number of Teeth on the small sprocket The minimum number of teeth are found in the horsepower tables on pages 6 19 To determine first calculate the Horsepower Table Rating HP Table from the following
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Engineering Data
TORQUE x RPM or TORQUE = 63 025 x HP 63 025 RPM TORQUE = 63 025 x 1/12 = 5 252 In Lbs 1 Therefore motors for use with large reductions should be carefully selected Even a small motor if stalled can produce enough Torque to ruin the drive unless
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A SURVEY OF THE LOOPER TENSION CONTROL
MILLS Il Seop Choi ∗ Anthony roll M Fig 1 Tension and looper control in finishing mills Where ASR Automatic Speed Regulator ACR Automatic Current Regulator Load torque T includes the torque by strip ten sion the torque from strip and looper weight P x y i i 1 2 l L 0 x y 0 0 F F
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Mar 27 2003 You can successfully roll form a profile more than one way In fact many roll form designers take different approaches to design and development Also because the roll forming process has a seeming limitless capacity to produce complex profiles with just as many variables many roll form designs are one of a kind therefore theory can go only so far.
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UNIT 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRICAL DRIVES Speed
power application it is known as brake away torque and load control engineers call it stiction Because of stiction the speed torque characteristics of the load is modified near to zero speed Joint speed torque characteristics Equilibrium speed of motor load system can be obtained when motor torque equals the load torque.
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A Leading Distributor of Material Handling Hoisting and Rigging Equipment TorqHoist is a leading distributor of a wide variety of material handling equipment We stock electric air and manual hoists in a variety of sizes and configurations We offer the TorqHoist Griphoist Rescue Kit used by many Fire Departments and Municipalities.
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Improved Productivity in Levelling
BlueScope uses a seven roll leveller after a cold strip mill to level the steel and prepare it for further processing Due to the speed differences they have always experienced torque peaks which is why they installed SafeSets in the fi rst place SafeSet is a torque limiting coupling that fully releases when the set torque is reached.
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Mar 04 2006 The tractive pull multiplied by the drive pulley radius will give you the load torque There is no short cut for deciding the load torque This cannot be calculated from motor side 5 Having decided the load torque you can decide the required power
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With the publication of this book newcomers to the field of steel rolling have a complete introductionto the cold rolling process including the history of cold rolling the equipment currentlyin use the behavior of the rolling lubricant the thermal and metallurgical aspects of the subject mathematical models relating to rolling force and power requirements strip shape and thefurth er
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To ensure that the motor won’t reach this even under heavy load we will try designing for a current draw of 20 A Looking at the graph again we see that this corresponds to a torque of .115 Nm Now we can calculate the reduction we would need to achieve the necessary torque of 3.05 Nm.
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Oct 16 2013 1 Their starting torque or friction is low and the difference between the starting torque and running torque is small 2 With the advancement of worldwide standardization rolling bearings are internationally available and interchangeable 3 Maintenance replacement and inspection are easy because the structure surrounding rolling bearings
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Material Tracking with Dynamic Torque Adaptation for
a stand load identification in wire rod mill as a new algorithm added to existing control system Tension pieces pass through roll stands sequentially and one workpiece follows another For that reason material The value of load torque friction component T
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SOLID MECHANICS DYNAMICS TUTORIAL
the torque produces a rotation such that the bow of the ship dips down and the stern comes up The magnitude of the torque is 1037.7 Nm WORKED EXAMPLE No.5 The engine of an aeroplane rotates clockwise when viewed from the front The moment of inertia of all the rotating parts is 300 kg m2 The engine rotates at 1200 rev/min.
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Drive Wheel Motor Torque Calculations
required torque from the drive wheel s to the ground The maximum tractive torque MTT a wheel can transmit is equal to the normal load times the friction coefficient between the wheel and the ground times the radius of the drive wheel MTT = W w lb x μ x Rw in where Ww = weight normal load
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V Belt Quick Selection Guide
load ≤ 200 rated load Phase Series Wound and Continuous Service starting or peak load ≥ 200 of rated load 16 24 hours per day For Idlers add the following to the service factors Inside Slack Side 0.0 Outside Slack Side 0.1 Inside Tight Side 0.1 Outside Tight Side 0.2
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Jan 25 2019 Load cells are available in cartridge pancake pillow block and cantilevered roll mounting types The cartridge type utilizes a dead shaft idler roll while the compact type mounts with a live shaft roll with the bearings in the load cell housing The cantilevered type includes a full Wheatstone bridge in the single load cell see figures 8 .
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